Diabetes and Exercise

Diabetes affects more than 20 million Americans and a staggering 6 million Americans go undiagnosed. Many sufferers are diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus meaning, "Sweet Honey Flowing."

There are two types of Diabetes Mellitus, type one and type two. Type one is due to an autoimmune response that destroys the pancreatic beta cells. This stops the production of insulin, and creates hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Because these individuals cannot produce their own insulin they must rely on an external source to supply the much needed hormone. Type one Diabetes only effects 5-10 percent of all diabetics. It is also characterized as a disease that effects individuals in their younger years, once labeled "juvenile diabetes."

Type two is the most prevalent in society today, and this article will focus it's attention on exercise for the type two diabetic. (There is a "prescription" for type one, as well) In 80 percent of the cases the individual is considered to be obese. Obesity is defined as a waist circumference of 100 cm men (approx. 40"), and 85 cm for women (approx. 35".) Other measurements that define obesity are body fat reading that are greater than 25% for men, and 30% for women. (ACSM) (It is interesting to note that 58% of Americans want to loose weight, and only 21% are trying.) Type two diabetes is best impacted by diet modification, exercise and oral medications. Only 40 percent of type two diabetic require insulin injections. It seems lifestyle modification is key.

Many believe that because they do not eat sugar that the are not at risk for diabetes. This is not necessarily true. Diabetes is a disorder that is developed due to a condition referred to as insulin resistance. With insulin resistance there is glucose available in the blood stream from the food you eat, but this glucose is denied access into the cells/muscle tissue to produce energy. The insulin receptors on the cell do not let the glucose in- they are insulin resistant. The sugar builds in the blood steam until it reaches a levels where it damages small vessels, usually the eyes, kidneys and other smaller vessels. Factors that increase the risk of type two diabetes are obesity, older age, family history, and physical inactivity. (American Diabetes Association 1994)

Physical inactivity is an essential part in the prevention, and management of diabetes. An effective exercise program contains various components, such as periodized cardiovascular training, comprehensive resistance training (or strength training), personalized flexibility training, balance and proprioceptive/movement based training, core training, and nutrition. While this may look a little overwhelming, think of it as a goal. Something to be achieved a little at a time. The best and easiest way to start is by walking, and revamping the diet. The emphasis should be on reducing excess weight, lowering cholesterol, lowering triglycerides, and eliminating processed foods (white flour, white sugar, processed meats, and processed foods containing trans-fats ( such as bakery items)). This can be done in baby steps, remember it is a process.

A walking program is a great way to get moving, and instigate positive change. It is something that can be done every day, and it is something that can be done progressively, meaning you can add small easy, achievable challenges to a walking program. The suggested guidelines for cardiovascular training for an individual with type two diabetes is a program consisting of five to seven days a week of activity using the larger muscles groups (ie walking, jogging, bike riding, low/non-impact movement (even dancing!!)- optimally the individual would use a variety of modalities to cross train the muscle groups) for 40- 60 minutes per day. Remember, this is the goal. (While it may be intimidating at first, remember- this is what you are building up to!! Smaller sessions are accumulative, also.)

The intensity level should be rather easy to start, progressing to a faster pace, or even a slight incline, where the exerciser becomes somewhat breathless. If the person is using a heart rate monitor (highly encouraged, you can "see" how hard you are working, and you can "see" how you progress.) you would be working at 50-60% of your maximal heart rate to begin with, working your way gradually to 60-70% of your maximal heart rate. High intensity intervals are not recommended, as there is a risk of further elevation of blood glucose (Gordon, 1995: Hornsby, 1995) Remember, these guidelines can also be goals to aspire to! Small steps are often the best placed ones.

In addition to cardiovascular activity the ACSM (American College of Sport Medicine) and the ADA (American Diabetes Association) recommends activities to build muscle, as well as burn calories. Cardiovascular activity is a great way to burn calories. Strength training, or resistance training, is a great way to build up skeletal muscle to help overcome the problem of insulin resistance. The ADA suggests strength training three times per week, targeting all muscle groups. They suggest a progression up to 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions, using a weight that cannot be lifted more than 8-10 times.(Diabetes Care June 2006) Once again, this is a progression. It is not recommended to work out to exhaustion. Also, limit isometric contractions to lessen exercise induced blood pressure elevations. (ACE Clinical Exercise Manual Exercise Training for Special Populations, Larry Verity, PhD, F.A.C.S.M.)

In conjunction with the strength training protocol, a proper flexibility program should be implemented. Such a program would address chronic postural issues, and muscular imbalances. Paying careful attention to not stretch muscles that do not need to be stretched. A proper flexibility program can be done at home on a daily basis and can actually be used to aid in stress management.

Other considerations for exercising diabetics related to blood glucose variations. One such condition is called "hyperglycemia.' This condition usually arrises when the blood glucose levels are not being well controlled. Poor control would indicate glucose levels of 250mg/dl, and higher, prior to exercise, in which the exercise session would be postponed. It is suggested that you should see your physical if the situation does not improve.

Another glucose relate problem to watch for in an exercising diabetic program is hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar. In this case the individual would experience dizziness, instability, nervousness, confusion, and even possibly loose consciousness. A good way to reduce the risk of experiencing hypoglycemia would be exercising mid-morning, after a balanced breakfast. It is suggested that exercise does not take place for at least one hour before the exercise session, and preferably not injected into an area of the body that will be used in the exercises. It is essential to monitor blood glucose, self-blood monitoring, before any activity. Exercise should be performed when the reading is between 100-250 mg/dl. If the level is lower, a carbohydrate snack should be consumed.

Other recommendations for exercising type two diabetics are:

1) Check with your physician before starting any type of an exercise program. Make sure that there are no additional considerations. ( ie hypertension or small vessel diseases.)

2)Keep a daily log which indicated time of day, blood glucose level, type of activity, intensity of activity, snack requirements (if any), and any other details that may be revalent.

3) Always self-blood monitor!!

4)Plan your exercise sessions. This should help determine if a snack will be required.

5)Always exercise with a partner. This is your support system in the event of hypoglycemia, or other complications. You should work with a partner until it is clear what the glucose response will be for that particular activity.

6) Always wear Diabetes I.D.

7)Always wear good shoes to minimize foot irritation. They should not be too loose, or too tight. To prevent foot irritation use Vaseline on the feet, and wear the socks inside out.

8) Modify calories intake accordingly on days of exercise, and following physical activity. Self-blood monitoring can help you modify your intake of calories, if needed. Insulin requiring diabetics can prevent latent post exercise hypoglycemia by monitoring their blood sugar levels carefully. Other factors are to be considered before starting an exercise program. Always check with your physician before starting any program.

Diabetes does not have to be life sentence. With proper control, healthful eating and an enjoyable exercise program life can be full of wonderful experiences! Grasp onto life, find things you love do do that are new challenges, and do them! The human body is so remarkable, fire it up to your true potential, and start living!!

Diabetes Prevention and Healthful Living -Part One

With Diabetes so rampant in society today, what can you do to safe guard yourself, and your family, from this serious disease? Diabetes education starts very young. It is important to take the time with your children to instill proper eating habits. If they are not fond of vegetables, do not give in. Vegetables, and other critical nutrients, are essential in a healthy diet, and lifestyle. Find creative ways of presenting things that they resist. Interesting shapes and colors are ways of "presenting" vegetables, and other items, to the discerning young pallet. Make it into a game if you have to, presentation is everything to curious growing children.

Remember, healthy eating is important for your child to do well in school.

According to recent studies less than 15% of all school age children eat the recommended amount of fruits for the Food Guide Pyramid, and less than 20% eat the recommended amounts of vegetables, only about 20% eat the right amount of WHOLE grains (processed white floor is not a whole grain), 30% consume the recommended amount of milk (necessary for growing bones.) (Nutrition For Professionals, Jane Penz, PhD, 2009) Childhood obesity is a national epidemic. These children need proper guidance, starting at home, at a very early age. "Unhealthy eating and physical inactivity are causes of obesity and chronic disease, resulting in at least 300,000 deaths per year. Poor nutrition associated with heart disease, stroke, cancer and diabetes, alone, cost in excess of $71 billion a year" (These statistics were in 2003, Dr Jane Penz.) For the exact guidelines for your family, and a variety of educational materials, check out mypyramid.gov and click on resource library. Kid Health (www.kidhealth.org) is another nutritional site to help you with family meal planning, eating issues, and how to eat a variety of healthy foods.

Food is a necessary element for survival. We need it for energy to maintain life. Sure it's great to enjoy your food- and we should! We can learn to enjoy healthy, wholesome, natural foods at an early age. We can learn to eat proper portions- at an early age. The key is the age. Snacks do not have to be greasy potato chips. They could just as easily be carrot sticks with humous- at an early age. You program your child at a young age as to what their preferences will be. If you are health conscious, your child will be too! They are imitators of you! Chips and cakes and ice cream are not necessary for a happy child, or person- health is!! Watermelon and seasonal fruits are just as a enjoyable, with very little preparation time- and a fraction of the real cost in the final analysis.

Exercise is the other missing link in this puzzle. Our children need to be encouraged to get outside and participate in something! Family outings can consist of hiking, running, walking, physical sports and a variety of things. It is truly endless what can be done together. Once again this should be instilled at an early age. Their is not time like the present with your children. Encourage them to participate in school sport and other outdoor activities. And, once again, if you are active- they probably will be too.

If you and your spouse are overweight, or obese, there is an 80% chance that your child will be as well. This is a lifestyle issue we are discussing. True prevention of obesity and chronic disease and illness are issues that start early in life, in the home. It is important to take the time for valuable sit down meals with a balanced, healthful menu. Menu's can be prepared in advance on days off. Extra portions can be frozen for future meals. Planning is the key to success. There are plenty of magazines and web-sites that feature a variety of low fat, high fiber balanced meals that promote good health for the whole family. I subscribed to 'Prevention" on line. They send me a steady stream of recipes that can be pre-made and can be enjoyed at any family meal. Remember, home is where it all begins!! You hold the key to your child's good health, and habits.

Stay Young, Play Young.... Exercise!

Remember when you were little and you would run and jump, just to run out of breath? Jumping was fun! Running was easy (and fun), riding your bike was just "something to do." You would play "tag" and all kinds of crazy games, that involved running and jumping. It was fun! Crazy to think that a body that was not even fully developed could withstand all that activity, and still grow! What an amazing creation our bodies are. Where did all that energy, and enthusiasm go?

After 28 years of research, Exercise Physiologist Fred Kasch has decided that "aging naturally accounts for about one-third of the body's aerobic decline. Inactivity accounts for the remaining two-thirds of the downward slide."(Health, May/June 1993 p.62) Jim Graves from the University of Florida Center for Exercise Science adds that, "Exercising will prevent most age related deteriorations through age 60." Research confirms that "the fountain of youth" lays within you, and within your grasp.

An example of remarkable health, and a well being would be fitness pioneer, Jack LaLane. We all remember him, and his simple routines developed to get the homebody up and moving. At age 60 (Well above the age 60 indicated above!) he is still a monument to fitness, nutrition and well being. He still sports a 32-inch waist, 44-inch chest, and 15-inch biceps! No atrophy here! He can still easily touch his hand to the floor, without bending his knees. His resting heart rate is the equivalent of an athlete, at 55 beats per minute. How, you might ask, has he managed to keep his youthful physique, and energy level up? He follows a vegetarian diet, and works out vigorously everyday, still. Here are a few other suggestions from our fitness example:

*Exercise a minimum of 30 minutes per day, three to five times per week. Change your routine every three to four weeks.

*Set short term fitness goals, and follow through.

*Slowly change a few "bad" habits for "good" habits.

*Eat food in its natural state and in as many varieties as possible.

*Pass on caffeine, sugar, alcohol and cigarettes.

Drink plenty of plain water.

(CNN Interview, Monday, January 19 2004, Posted 2:22PM EST) Jack is an inspiration to all and his life is a testimony to the benefits of healthful eating and exercise.

Other suggestions if you are new to exercise would be:

*start slow, and build.

*Make sure your doctor has given you a clean bill of health.

*Work with a fitness professional, even for a short time, who can help assess your strengths and weaknesses. Your program should be about you, not a cookie cutter program. Make sure that this person has the proper credentials, and maintains them.

*Keep a journal for food and exercise. It will keep you informed as to progress, moods, and habits you might not otherwise notice.

*Try new things. It is important to stimulate your body and mind with a variety of exercises, and exercise modalities. The same old same old, will not give your any progress. Your body adapts in four to six weeks of continuous training. Exercise should be progressive to avoid repetitive stress. It also keeps the mind active throughout the activity, preventing boredom and injury.

Additionally, exercise makes us feel better. This also contributes to a youthful attitude. Scientifically, exercise directly impacts the brain chemistry. Sleep, mood, memory and behavior are all influenced by a chemical in he brain called Serotonin. Persons with low serotonin levels have bouts of depression, have trouble sleeping, memory problems and can even have episodes of violent behavior. Regular exercise has been proven to positively influence serotonin levels. Increases of serotonin from exercise improves mood, decreases stress, aids in sleeping, and improves memory.

A positive impact has also been noted in cognitive function in individuals that regularly exercise. From childhood through to old age, improved scores in mental acuity have been noticed. In a study of forty-one adults, aged 58 through 78, that was conducted for six weeks saw an increases in brain wave activity after only three weeks. This was measured by use of magnetic resonance imaging. (MRI) These individuals programming consisted of three 45-minute walks three times per week. These individuals also displayed an increase in their decision-making abilities.

Exercise, for me, takes me to another level of existence, one where anything is possible- as long as I keep trying!! Exercise is not about the superficial results, it is about so much more than that. While a complete exercise program is multifaceted, it is important to find the RIGHT components for your body (physiologically , physically(mechanically), kinesthetically (neurologically), aerobically, and mentally/spiritually), experience level, and of course interest level. Exercise is movement based. It is important to do the right movements for your body, with the right amounts of intensity, with the correct amount of frequency to ensure healthy results. It is about the inside, not the outside. The outside is just the side effects of a healthy, whole person.

The Emotional Side Of Eating, Summer Eating Tips, Good Fats For Weight Loss

You pick up the phone, it's been a tough day, call up a friend and say, "Let's go for pizza, I't been a doozy!! (Or something like that.)." Sound familiar. Or you run ( as close as you get to running) to the vending machine when your last phone call at work puts you over the edge. Habits, ingrained habits, of an emotional eating response to situations in life.

As a young child, often we are "rewarded" with "treats" in conjunction with either a) a celebration of a positive occasions (special occasions, being obedient to the parent, social events)or b) the parent wants us to adhere to their requests, or to "cheer us up" when a situation has soured. We come to relate to food as a reward, or a comforter. Food and emotions become intertwined. Triggers develop that we are not eve n cognitively aware of. Eating from urge versus necessity.

How many times have you eaten something out of a "feeling' of commitment, versus a feeling of need or hunger? How many times have you eaten something because you were in a bad mood...? How many times have you stuffed your words, and thoughts, and sat down to a sugary snack, trying to "sweeten" the mood? These emotional and social cues have been instilled in us from a very young age. These feelings often dictate to us what we "feel" is acceptable- versus what is truly necessary.

So how do we overcome these ingrained patterns? How do we overcome emotional patterns that we have had for so long? Like any other thing you wish to overcome firstly you need to acknowledge you need to overcome it. Acceptance of a problem can sometimes be the biggest hurdle to overcome.

Often the best way to realize a problem is to see the evidence of it. Food journaling is a great way to get a handle on diet issues. Persons who journal are more successful long term "losers," than non-journalers. I believe it is because writing makes you more aware of "patterns" of eating. There is also a greater accountability. This allows for "realizations" not experienced without being mentally involved in the eating process. By recording the food, quantity of food, the time the food was consumed, emotions and situations linked to eating (hunger, anger, fear, fatigue, frustration, boredom, habit (time of day) joy, celebration, social outing) we can begin to understand our habitual patterns that produce the cycles of eating without need. At this point maybe we can begin to focus on the emotion(s), outside of the food issue.

I know from my own personal experiences that I have had problems with "emotional eating."

Often out of fearful feelings (not sure about the future, not sure about my finances, not sure about my friends, not sure about whatever job I had at the time, not feeling accepted by others.) General life insecurities. These would "send" me into a negative cycle. Usually, I would start with some drinks, to cheer me up. This would lead to less than healthy food choices (Naturally, I was dieting and under-nourished, already.) Now, breaking my "diet" I would feel even worse about myself. I consumed more out of this feeling of depression. Negative cycle. These cycles can be dangerous, they can lead to severe eating disorders. I myself, became bulimic. Over run by self- doubts and fear. Emotions controlled my eating. This dangerous cycle ran my life from my first year of University through to my late thirties.

These are learned from a very young age. My mother also had an eating disorder. Therefore, I thought many of our "eating rituals" were normal. She was ruled by her emotions, and alcohol. She had a sickness of spirit that overcame her physical well being. She sought after some form of perfection that was never achievable. When I grew up I sought after the very same thing. This is something that is learned and passed from generation to generation. Parents have a very key role in educating their children in proper foods, proper food timing, the correct manners to decline unnecessary foods that can contribute to diseases of the body and spirit. Any parent with a disorder needs to address it, and work on finding a higher ground, not to pass this message on to their children. Young children are often led to mimmick the parents. They learn what they see, and are very impressionable up to the age of twelve.

Eating disorders, and their counterpart emotional issues, manifest themselves in many ways. Not everyone becomes bulimic (thank God). Other manifestations of inappropriate emotions, and relationship with food are in being overweight, obese, severely underweight (anorexic), over exercisers/achievers, judging others in their food habits, eating differently alone than with others, thinking about food all the time, there is zero variety in your diet, and habitual eating (time of day dictates eating versus actual hunger. This shows a detachment from natural patterns.)

Many of these disorders have physiological impacts, effecting hormonal balance and neurotransmitters in the brain. They are hard to overcome. It can be done, though. As stated earlier, you must be willing to admit there is a problem. You must own it. Not in a negative way, though. Negative emotions are part of the issue. Remember, this is a negative cycle that needs to be reversed.

The change has to start with your view of you. Find something positive, focus on that. One small thing you know in your heart of hearts is good! We were all created with special gifts, and special purposes. Look at your gifts. Look outside of yourself for purpose. You may need to change some things in your life, do it. Get out of the box!! Get rid of the negative that is literally "eating you alive." What I did was rediscovered the passions of my youth, before I was overcome with the negatives- fitness and God. I found a better state of physical and spiritual being. This is a good recipe. We are not only physical beings, we are spiritual beings. We are not one dimensional, and cannot live one dimensionally either. We need to nurture our "whole" selves more. I have learned to appreciate myself more, and my God given abilities, appreciating my creator more. I spend my time studying and focusing outside of me. My life does not revolve around me, and my needs like it used to. I have also come to appreciate my experiences more, good and bad. There really is no such thing as a bad experience, it is all in how you apply it to your life. How YOU can use IT, for the betterment of this world. Bitterness doesn't hurt anyone but the one who is bitter. We all must walk away from self and self doubts and self- centered attitudes. Your very life and health depends on it!!

Often when we first change our habits it is a struggle. We have not clearly learned what is good for us. We eat often from habits learned. I wanted to include some other good food options in this post/article. The dispute about good fats and bad fats continues on. These are examples of good clean, natural fats that will prolong good health, and help you lose weight. Naturally, all these should be eaten in moderation. Just because something is "good for you," doesn't mean you need to eat huge quantities.

1) Almonds/almond butters are an excellent source of Vitamin E, and antioxidant (fights free radicals.) 2 Tablespoons, small handful are one serving size. Great as a snack with an apple.

2)Avocados contain 20 vitamins and minerals. It is a great source of potassium to regulate blood pressure. Wonderful instead of mayonnaise on whole grain wraps, also on whole grain crackers.

3)Dark Chocolate, more specifically cocoa from organic ground, defatted cocoa beans. The more natural the better. These beans contain antioxidant properties.

4)Flaxseed oil is the best plant source for Omega 3 fatty acids, critical for good health. These type of fatty acids are critical for heart health, cancer prevention and alzheimer prevention.

Put 1 tablespoon of cold-pressed ( kept cold AT ALL TIMES) in a smoothy for breakfast, blend well.

5)Natural Peanut Butter, I like Marathon Nutter Butter At Dingy Docks here in town. Peanut butter contains vitamins E and B6 (important for immune system health.)

6)Olive oil instead of butter, or other oil choices. Olive oil is better if it is greener in color, containing more antioxidant properties. Extra virgin olive oil is recommended. Also, remember that oil oil, just like other quality oils, looses it's antioxidant value when it is heated. Use broth for cooking.

7)Sunflower seeds and oils are great for flavor and hunger control. They contain B vitamins and are great for fighting inflammation. They are also wonderful on salads, only about 2 tablespoons, though.

8)Walnuts are also powerful Omega 3 rich nuts. They too prevent inflamation which has been linked to many diseases, heart disease, cancer, alzheimer's. I love these on my oatmeal in the morning. 2 Tablespoons is one serving.

Last week we looked at quick lunch tips. This week we are going to focus on BBQ meals, and quick summer dinners.

SMART BBQ DOGS

Smart Dogs (Tofu), or Nitrate Free Dogs (Nitrates have been linked to many forms of cancer, they are in most, if not all, processed meats. Nitrate Free dogs are available here in town at Dingy Dock's )

Whole Grain buns, or wraps. (I like wraps, they are fun and don't fall apart.)

Veganaise ( also available at Dingy Docks), tomato, and low sodium pickles.

Mixed Greens, whole sweet baby peppers, cut thinly, cucumbers, red onion, sunflower seeds toped with raspberry walnut vinegar dressing.

3 bean salad

Watermelon

FOR THE MEAT EATER

4oz chicken breast, serving size (Dingy Dock's has fantastic organic, pre-sized chicken breasts, reasonable priced in their freezer. Great flavor.)

Marinade these overnight in Teryaki

Mushrooms

Baby tomatoes

Baby sweet peppers

Red onion

Skewer and BBQ

Arugala and baby greens salad with oranges, red onions, walnuts and balsamic vinegar drizzled on top. Top with small amount of goat cheese.

BURGER TIME!!

Try a veggie burger!! They are available at Dingy Docks and at Von's

Add a little Newman's Own Bean and Corn Salsa

WILD N WONDERFUL

4oz Wild Salmon, grilled

8-12 asparagus spears

1/4 cup Near East Tabloule (Prepared with olive oil, baby tomatoes, cucumbers, lemon, and olives) (Von's)

1/4 cup of Soy Licious Chocolate "nice" cream

Summer is here!! Don't let your new found life interfere with enjoying all that is good. You will find the more you practice good healthy habits, the easier they are to follow, and the easier many other things will become because of the extra care you take for yourself, and the others around you. Have a GREAT summer!!

Nutritional 'No-how" Misleading Labels, and Lunch on the Run!!

Grocery shopping for healthy foods can be a real treasure hunt. This is particularly true when it comes to packaged items, and their misleading labels. Many items we automatically pick up-assuming the product inside is healthy.

We pick up a container of milk, for example, the label says 1%, we think we are doing the right thing for ourselves, and our families. Truth be known that 1% milk in reality is 18% fat by calories. Ouch!! The dairy industry marks it's product by volume, not actual calories. This is also true of the meat industry. A package of 93% lean ground beef, for example, is actually 45% fat by calories, (Nutrition for Professional, Jane Penz PhD 2008). Shocking.

It seems the United States Department of Agriculture ( USDA) labeling guidelines allow meat and poultry products, as well as dairy, to label fat content by volume, or weight, rather than actual calories per portion. We assume it is by portion. Also, by definition The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) guidelines for "low fat" is "a product containing less than 3 grams of fat." This allowed 2% fat milk, which actually contains 36% fat, to be labeled "low fat". The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) decided in 1998 to disallow this claim. Now the new claim is "reduced- fat." This still leaves our 1% milk to be "low fat", with a whopping 18% fat content. For further details visit www.cspinet.net/nah/junebeef.htm (Penz)

Other labels to be on the-look out-for are 'fat free" and calorie free." Items claiming to be "calorie free" can actually contain up to 5 calories per serving, according to labeling laws. "fat free" is even more misleading. An item containing less than 1/2 gram of fat per serving can be called "non-fat." This becomes even more troublesome when we over consume the product, believing the claims. Other shocker are "Promise Fat -free is 100% fat" and Pam cooking spray contains 1638 calories, based upon actual spraying time and sprays per can. Not even close to calorie free. For more information on this visit http://www.fda.gov/fdac/special/foodlabel/lite.html

Other grocery store label culprits are "whole grains." There are no rules regarding the amount of actual "whole grain" in any product. There could actually be very little in the product. You are best off to actually examine the list of ingredients on the item. The list of ingredient has to be listed from the most prevalent item to the least. So, a package of wholegrain crackers may actually be nothing more than processed flours stripped of all nutritional value, glued together by some trans fats.

Trans fats are one of the most dangerous culprits out there. These items hide behind labels claiming they are free of trans fats. How does this happen? The same labeling laws that govern the "fat free/calorie free" products govern these. Because the item contains less than 1/2 a gram of fat per serving it can be called "fat free"- regardless of it's content. Partially hydrogenated products are trans fats. these products turn oily foods into solid foods. They are used primarily in bakery items (cakes, cookies, pastries), margarines, edible oil products, coffee creamers, fast foods and many others. Read the label! These dangerous products are linked to many diseases. They have zero nutritional benefit.

With this said, what can you do? Well firstly read all labels carefully. Do the math. Make sure things add up on the side panels. Make sure you read the list of ingredients- know what is really in those items. Avoid store bought bakery items, eat home made items if you must indulge. You can select wholesome, natural ingredients to create a family treats. Eat fresh produce, or flash frozen. Limit these dangerous trans fats, get them out of your diet. It takes time and self-denial, but it is worth it. Even start by cutting the product with something healthy. An example of this would be using coffee mate with soy milk. It is a process.

As promised, I was going to offer some quick lunch ideas that are fast and nutritious.

FUN GREEK SAMPLER

carrots, peppers, celery, olives

1/2 cup of greek humous dip

whole grain pita bread or whole grain crackers

melon medley ( cantelope/ watermelon/ honeydew

This is a great to go lunch for at work. Lots of great veggies for something crunchy!!)

MEDITERRANEAN PIZZA

whole grain crust (Trader Joe's, or even a whole grain pita bead.)

sun dried tomatoes

olives

fresh basil

fresh garlic

sprinkle feta cheese or soy cheese

place under broiler for a few minutes.

IT'S A WRAP!!

almond butter

apple slices

whole grain wrap

side salad with Newman's Own Raspberry Salad Dressing

IT'S A WRAP TWO!

wild salmon (canned, packed, left over)

mixed salad greens

Newman's Own Corn and Bean Salsa

Whole grain wrap

Apple

CHINESE FAST FOOD!!

Tofu- marinaded in soy sauce or teriyaki sauce

Frozen oriental mix vegetables (broccoli, sugar snap peas, water chestnuts, celery, carrots and red peppers)

(Fresh if you have a little more time)

Use a skillet and moisture cook the tofu in sauce. Add cooked veggies to mix, either the microwaved flash frozen ones or steamed fresh ones. Not very much sauce is required.

When in a pinch you can microwave the tofu with sauce, then add in veggies. Fast and nutritious.... pretty tasty,too. And you can do this anywhere that has a microwave!!

NO TIME TO BREATH....!!

Lean Cuisine to the rescue

Select an option that has lots of vegetables and whole grains.

(I am partial to the Wild Salmon and Orzo)

add a bunch of grapes

It is important to keep healthy food options at work with you for healthy snacking between meals. Stay away from coffee, cola and that crazy vending machine!!

Next time we are going to discuss emotional eating and finish our nutrition series with summer fun barbeque style meals that are heart healthy and diet conscious. Any questions? Please, feel free!

Nutritional "No- How" with Bonus Meal Plans for Summer!

Does all this "talk" about food almost leave you with your head spinning? Eat this, don't eat that... It can get pretty confusing, pretty quickly! This article is the third in this series of nutritional n0-how. This time around we are going to look at some myths the diet industry had placed out there, how all this diet stuff got started, and why these choices may not be the right choices for your health. Also, a small sample menu plan will be offered at the end, sort of a mix and match summer meal plan!

Dieting has been around for thousands of years. It began back in the 1800's, before then only the wealthy were overweight. Over time more people enjoyed financial success. Eating and drinking became a way to celebrate the fruits of their labors, particularly those who experienced hardships growing up.

Interestingly, diets did not originate due to health concerns, or even the pursuit of a better looking physique. No, dieting became a concern first from a biblical perspective on gluttony. Looking upon gluttony as a sin, there was much concern. After all we all know what the wages of sin are, right?! (If not, the bible clearly states, "The wages of sin are death." Romans 6:23)

So with this in mind, realizing that over consumption and excess weight one Presbyterian minister named Sylvester Graham, began to preach what has now become known as the "health message" on a proper, mostly vegetarian, diet and its positive effects upon the body, mind and particularly the spirit.

Our minister also advocated vigorous exercise, cold showers, opening the bedroom window at night ( no matter what!), drinking pure water, and of course chastity and temperance. It appears that in the 1830's our minister friend was onto something! His views were not completely well received, he the nickname "Dr. Sawdust."

He did attract followers though. They were a faithful bunch that became known as "Grahamites." Yes, Dr. Graham was the originator of graham flour, and it's well known cracker, the graham cracker. He was totally against the use of processed, refined flours. He was at odds constantly with the bakers of that era who used white, refined products, often openly rebuking them in his services. He did in fact employ bodyguards in his meetings.

Refined sugar and flour was not his only battle. He was also at war with the milk producers. It seems that they fed their cows swill leftover from the distilleries, and in order to neutralize the alcoholic content, chalk and molasses were used!

Dr. Graham was he first to advocate diet and healthful, mindful eating. His material has actually become sound advise for a long, healthy life. It is actually very close to a the ideal diet plan for health today, based upon much study. However with the diet industry raking it in with practically a new diet plan every day, buy this, buy that, it's hard to know what really works, AND is good for your health! Let's take a look at some of the big myths.

MYTH NUMBER ONE-

LOW CALORIE RESTRICTIVE DIETS WORK.

Good news! This is a complete lie. Diets that are too restrictive are not lifestyle changes. You cannot maintain this type of eating for very long. This is only the tip of the iceberg. A diet to low in calories slows your resting metabolic rate. It has a negative effect on your body composition. Your body, in the absence of glucose (the product of a healthy carbohydrate rich diet) will break down muscle tissue for glucose. Muscle, not fat, has the chemical composition necessary to create glucose for starving brain cell, and other critical bodily functions.

Skipping breakfast is a very tragic thing!! After 12-16 hours the body REQUIRES nourishment.If nothing has been eaten, the body will quickly catabolize your precious muscle tissue. This is not very productive if you are working out. No wonder people on these diets are usually tired and cranky!

MYTH NUMBER TWO-

HIGH PROTEIN DIETS WORK.

As mentioned above, carbohydrates are the primary form of energy for the human body. Carbs are not "bad." Carbs are necessary to maintain healthy blood sugar levels. In order to burn fat, glucose is required, preferably from carbohydrates. Protein on the other hand, are necessary for the building and repair of all tissues and cells. Immune function, collagen repair, blood clotting, oxygen transport, and other critical functions are some of the roles that protein plays in the body. "While a cell may need an amino acid to build a vital protein, the need for energy in the form of glucose supersedes protein need. Without energy cells die: without glucose the brain and nervous system die. Cells are forced to use amino acids for glucose only when glucose is not available ( no consumption of carbohydrates, or a delay in eating) Breakdown of body proteins to meet the energy and glucose needs can lead to muscle wasting." "Muscle wasting" can lead to a slower metabolism and serious health problems. Although on the outset high protein diets may look good, you might even loose weight (not good weight, try a body composition test) but is it really worth risking your health, and loosing much needed muscle tissue? The human body stores carbohydrates in the form of glucose, it does not store amino acids, in fact all protein contains nitrogen. Nitrogen is toxic to the human body, it must be regularly eliminated. To much nitrogen, and constant excretion of them can impose health risks.

All in all, too much of anything is not a good thing. The key is balance in proper nutrient- rich foods.

MYTH THREE

NON FAT DIETS ARE THE BEST

While it is prudent to eat a low-fat diet, fats are an essential component to a healthy diet. Fats are in both animal and plant based foods. Generally speaking, a diet high in animal fats is a diet high in saturated fats- saturated fats have been linked to many forms of cancer, diabetes, high blood sugar, depression, coronary diseases and stroke. Note, this is true of a diet HIGH in saturated fats. Saturated fats are virtually impossible to avoid entirely, as many manufacturers use them in their products as they have a long shelf life, and are relatively cheap. Trans Fatty Acids are another type of fat that has been linked to health problems. Trans fats are a type of man-made fat that also increases the shelf life of products. Most of them are hidden in the form of partially hydrogenated plant oils. This process was developed in the early 1900's and first appeared as Crisco in 1911. These products add hydrogen to unsaturated fats, turning them into saturated fats.

While healthy fats are very useful for hormone function, immune function and other critical roles in the body, trans fats and saturated fats are not part of this cycle. Instead these types of fats can actually become imbedded in cell membranes. Some recent research has hypothesized that this damage to cell membranes, which effects the cell's fluidity, might be the cause of insulin resistance.( Nutrition for Professionals- Dr. Jane Penz 2008)

Low -fat manufactured foods tend to contain hydrogenated plant oils, and a higher amount of sugar, also. (ACE Certified News 2009) While a diet high in "healthy fats" seems to aid in everything from cell aggregation to a healthier waste line.

So what are "healthy fats?" Here are some examples:

*"Wild" Salmon, Mackerel, other fatty fish. (Watch for fish with high mercury values. Ussually the larger the fish, the more mercury. ie- Swordfish.)

*Olive oils, and canola oils. Please note that these oils loose their properties when heated. Free radicals are formed when vegetable oils are heated. (I use vegetable broth in my pan to prevent sticking.)

*Nuts and seeds, particularly walnuts, pumpkin seeds, and sunflower seeds. (I usually get mixed nuts for a greater cross section of minerals.) And , yes, natural is better!

*Flax seed (and oil), safflower products , sesame seeds and oil, sunflower seeds and oil, and soybean products (Series one prostaglandins that create less inflammation, and are anti-aggregating.)

*Avocado, fresh and organic

These products should all be reasonable fresh.

While it is prudent to purchase low fat dairy items such as yogurt, cheese and milk- it is also prudent to use them sparingly. A diet rich in the above mentioned fats with fresh, whole, organic foods has been proven to be the most successful, and easy to adhere to.

BREAKFAST MENU ITEMS

Most of these are quick and easy!! Most are only about 400 calories, but who's counting!

Remember, breakfast IS the most important meal of the day. Do not skip out on this one!

AM QUICK BLEND

(for those who really are in a hurry!!)

1 cup of vanilla soymilk or non-fat milk

1 ripe banana

2 tablespoons of almond butter, or all natural peanut butter ( Try Marathon Nutter Butter at Dingy Docks.)

Blend and enjoy!

OLD RELIABLE

One whole grain english muffin toasted, or Ezekiel Bread.

Top with almond butter, or nutter butter, add 1/4 sliced bananas.

Add one cup of mixed berries in a side bowl.

BERRY NICE!

Whole grain waffle topped with berries and greek yogurt with honey, add shaved almonds.

EASY EGG SCRAMBLE

Using either egg substitute of regular eggs. Use cooking spray, small amount, and vegetable broth to prevent sticking

.

1 egg (or portion)

2 eggs ( or portions)

spinach

mushrooms

feta cheese, or greek cheese or soy cheese.

1 piece of Ezekiel Sesame toast.

YO-GO PARFAIT

raspberries, blueberries, strawberries (layered) 1 -1.5 cups

greek -style yogurt with honey

top with Go-Lean cereal (1/2 cup) and pumpkin seeds (2 teaspoons)

SOWING OATS

(Preferably old fashioned style oatmeal, as packages of quick oatmeal contain a lot of sugar!!)

Spray a baking pan with cooking spray. Preheat oven at 450 degrees.

Mix bananas (ripe), 1 cup of egg whites (or substitute), and 1 cup of soy milk together very well in a bowl.

Pour mixture into pan. Add oatmeal to "just full" in liquid mixture. The point is to have enough oatmeal to absorb the fluid. Top with 1/4 cup walnut and 1/4 cup dark chocolate chips.

Bake 25-30 minutes.

Voila! Easy on the go breakfast bars!!

Enjoy!

NEXT WEEK WE WILL CONTINUE THE TRAIL OF NUTRITIONAL NO-HOW!! LUNCH OPTIONS AND BARBEQUE OPTIONS WILL BE DISCUSSED. PLEASE, WRITE IN YOUR DIET QUESTIONS, OR EMAIL ME @CATALINATRAINING@YAHOO.COM

Nutritional "No-How" Part Two

In the last article we discussed the importance of several nutrients, particularly focusing on fruits and vegetables. With summer here, it is so easy to eat healthfully. Colorful, fresh food is so much more available, and more affordable. It's great time to encourage your children to eat smart, too.

Fruit and vegetables, and even milk (lactose), are part of a food group called "simple"carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are essential for energy and health. They are considered to be the body's best source of energy. "Simple" sugar also comes in the form of cake, cookies, bakery items, white bread, processed foods... very low nutrient, very high calorie.

Other important forms of carbohydrates are considered "complex" carbohydrates. These would be in the form of breads, rice and potatoes. These foods, if they are "whole foods"/ not processed, are also excellent forms of natural fiber and other key vitamins. Once again, the key is "whole foods."

"Whole foods" are high in nutrients and fiber.( They tend to be more filling, also!) These type of foods have an impact on many of the cardiovascular diseases now prevalent in society. Populations that consume more dietary fiber have a lower risk for chronic disease. Fiber also has many favorable effects on risk factors for disease. These diseases include, and are not limited to, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and coronary heart disease( CHD).

Dietary fiber helps protect against cardiovascular disease by improving blood lipid profiles, lowering blood pressure and reducing indicators of inflammation (American Dietetic Association (ADA))

In a documented study, Pereira and colleagues conducted an analysis on the effects of total fiber and types of fiber on the risk of developing heart disease. They analyzed the consumption of dietary fiber from whole grain cereals (not highly processed) and fruit. They discovered that for "every 10 grams per day increase in total fiber, there was a reduction of 14 percent in coronary events and 27 percent in coronary deaths.(Arch Internal Medicine. cohort study)

Several other well documented studies also showed a direct impact from whole grain foods and coronary complications and death.

Some noted foods for the reduction of LDL cholesterol ( the "bad" one), are apples, barley, beans ( and other legumes), fresh fruit ( bananas, blackberries, peaches, nectarines, pears, plums ,prunes and citrus fruit) and vegetables, ( such as broccoli, carrots, brusel spouts, and cabbage) oatmeal, oat bran, whole oat flour (Nutrition Dimensions online)

According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after reviewing 42 clinical trials, in 1977 they approved the first food specific health claim. "Soluble fiber from foods such as oat bran, rolled oats, or oatmeal, and whole oat flour, as part of a low in saturated fat and cholesterol diet, may reduce the risk of heart disease."

While you may not have been eating this way, and it is a distinct change, it is recommended that you work this into your diet. Start small. Your tastes will change. It is so important that you eat this way, AND teach your children. They may resist at first, that's normal. Help them learn young and avoid disease and sickness. You will be glad you did!!